النكرة والمعرفة
(النَّصُّ الأَصْلِيُّ):
In Arabic, a noun is either indefinite, نَكِرَةُ , or definite, مَعْرِفَةُ.
- Indefiniteness / النَّكِرَةُ:
Indefinite nouns refer to names of unspecific beings or things such as: رَجُلٌ/a man,امْرَأَةٌ/a woman فَرَسٌ/ a horse, دَوْلَةٌ/a country…etc.
(In Arabic, there is no indefinite article such as the "a/an" in English). The indefinite nouns are characterized by the possibility to add the article الــ to them as a prefix.
Example: رَجُلٌ , رَجُلًا , رَجُلٍ
- Definiteness/ الْمَعْرِفَةُ:
When a noun is put in the definite form that means the speaker /writer believes the hearer/reader knows exactly what he/she are referring to.
The definite nouns include:
- Nouns preceded by the definite article 'al- الــ which is the equivalent of the English definite article "the" like: الْمَدْرَسَةُ/the school
- Proper nouns like: مُحَمَّد/Muhammad , مَكَّة/Makah , فَرَنْسَا/France
- Personal and demonstrative pronouns like: أَنَا/I, هَذَا/this
- Relative pronouns such as: الَّذِي/which, مَنْ/who
- Nouns forming the first part of a genitive construction such as: كِتَابُ النَّحْوِ/the grammar book
· To turn a noun from the indefinite form to the definite one, add the definite marker الــ like:مَطَارٌ /an airport الْـمَطَارُ/ the airport or annex the word to another word like: سَيَّارَة/ سَيَّارَتِي، سَيَّارَة خَالِدٍ.
Comments
Post a Comment